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Science RSS FeedsThis Week in Science - Difference, Not Diversity | Critical Mediators | Slip, Tripped, and Faulted | Lactic Fuels | Cations in the Veins | Spin into Control | Recombinant Infectious Prions | Tripartite Toxin | Legume Symbiosome | Bursty, Infrequent Noise | Inflexible Timing for Flexibility | Supernova Remnant Observations | Limiting Inflammatory Signaling...Feed Source: www.sciencemag.org Editors' Choice - Ecology: A Quick Sniff and She's Off | Geophysics: Seismic Spinning | Chemistry: Order at a Distance | Biochemistry: Of Bile and Choler | Immunology: A Protective Shell | Materials Science: Cations Minding the Gap | Neuroscience: Signal Effectors... Random Samples - Africa's Iron-Age Healers? | Heated Politics | Dimly Lit Teens | Saint Loses Her Head... [Editorial] Science to Bridge the Americas - Author: Timothy J. DeVoogd... [News of the Week] Drug Safety: New Network to Track Drugs and Vaccines in Pregnancy - A new effort to nail down the risks of either using or doing without key medications during pregnancy is being launched this week with $12.5 million from two U.S. agencies.Author: Jennifer Couzin-Frankel... [News of the Week] Physics: Century-Long Debate Over Momentum of Light Resolved? - Physicists have been debating the formula for the momentum of light zipping through a transparent material ever since two different formulas were proposed more than 100 years ago. Now a theorist says both formulas are correct, but they denote different things and apply in different contexts.Author: Adrian Cho... [News of the Week] Psychiatry: Experts Map the Terrain of Mood Disorders - Authors of the latest revision of psychiatry's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-V) are debating whether the relationship between anxiety and depression is so close that they should be subsumed into a supercategory of human hopelessness, fear, and existential angst.Author: Constance Holden... [News of the Week] Psychiatry: Suicide Scale - Author: Constance Holden... [News of the Week] Stem Education: DOE Reworks Student Initiative to Prepare Energy Researchers - The U.S. Department of Energy has downsized a proposal to train more scientists and engineers to work in a low-carbon economy. The president's 2011 budget request contains a slimmed-down RE-ENERGYSE, with a price tag of $50 million?$35 million for higher education and $15 million for technical training and precollege outreach.Author: Jeffrey Mervis... [News of the Week] ScienceInsider: From the Science Policy Blog - ScienceInsider reported this week that the U.S. National Institutes of Health has widened its definition of what constitutes a human embryonic stem cell to keep up with what's happening in the lab and that the new definition would include lines derived from embryos before the blastocyst stage, among other stories.... [News of the Week] Meeting Briefs: Scientists Grapple With 'Completely Out of Hand' Attacks on Climate Science - A symposium organized at the last minute at the annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science by two of the world's most prominent scientific organizations addressed recent attacks on an increasingly beleaguered climate science community.Author: Eli Kintisch... [News of the Week] Meeting Briefs: The Latest on Geoengineering - Preliminary findings presented at the annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science suggest that some proposed techniques to cool the planet manually may have fewer barriers than previously thought.Author: Eli Kintisch... [News of the Week] Meeting Briefs: Is a Dolphin a Person? - Are dolphins as smart as people? And if so, shouldn't we be treating them a bit better? Those were the questions scientists and philosophers debated at a session at the annual meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science.Author: David Grimm... [News of the Week] Meeting Briefs: More Highlights From AAAS 2010 - Science reporters posted more than two dozen blog entries and podcasts from the AAAS annual meeting, of which this is a sample. For full coverage, visit ScienceNOW. And to see what our guest bloggers had to say, see ScienceBloggers.... [News Focus] Medicine: Cancer's Circulation Problem - Researchers are counting and examining the rare cells shed by a primary tumor that circulate in the blood, but will these studies help patients?Author: Jocelyn Kaiser... [News Focus] Medicine: Keeping Tabs on Tumor DNA - A group at Johns Hopkins University has been monitoring free-floating tumor DNA in blood to track cancer. A new study being published in Science Translational Medicine this week suggests that advances in DNA sequencing may make this approach more viable.Author: Jocelyn Kaiser... [News Focus] Planetary Science: Iceball Mars Proving a Tough Place to Find Liquid Water - Although Mars was once awash in flowing water, all the water found by orbiting radars has long been tied up in recurring ice ages.Author: Richard A. Kerr... [News Focus] Animal Research: Dog Dealers' Days May Be Numbered - Legislators want to shut down the pipeline of ?random source? dogs and cats to laboratories, but some researchers worry about the impact on science.Author: David Grimm... [Letter] Sowing the Seeds of Soil Conservation - Author: Henry Lin... [Letter] Spain's Budget Neglects Research - Authors: Xosé Afonso Álvarez, Noemí Cabrera-Poch, Ana Canda-Sánchez, Carlos Fenollosa, Elena Piñero, Mark J. van Raaij, Eva Sánchez Cobos, Ignacio Segura Pérez, Francisco J. Tapiador, Ana M. Torrado Agrasar... [Letter] Life in Science: The Cow Ate My Fieldwork - Author: Bent Lauge Madsen... [Letter] The Permanence Debate - Authors: Margaret Skutsch, Ben H. J. de Jong... [Book Review] Biomedicine: Of HeLa and Human Lives - Ethical and racial issues in medicine and biomedical research are among the facets of Skloot's spellbinding story of Henrietta Lacks, the HeLa lineage cultured from her cancer, and how that legacy affected her family.Author: Leigh Krietsch Boerner... [Book Review] Geophysics: The Prediction Puzzle - Hough's accessible history of earthquake prediction explores why seismologists remain unable to warn when major quakes will strike.Author: Christopher H. Scholz... [Books et al.] Books Received - A listing of books received at Science during the week ended 19 February 2010.... [Policy Forum] Intellectual Property: Fixing the Legal Framework for Pharmaceutical Research - The outdated Hatch-Waxman Act and judicial retroactivity challenge costly development of new pharmaceuticals.Author: Sherry M. Knowles... [Perspective] Atmospheric Science: Observing Weather from Space - Since the first weather satellite was launched 50 years ago, satellite observations have revolutionized weather forecasting.Authors: Stanley Q. Kidder, Thomas H. Vonder Haar... [Perspective] Engineering: Intelligent Infrastructure for Energy Efficiency - A substantial fraction of wasted energy can be recovered by extending insights from the architecture of the Internet to the infrastructure of buildings.Authors: Neil Gershenfeld, Stephen Samouhos, Bruce Nordman... [Perspective] Molecular Biology: Reliable Noise - Assessing how the noise created in transcription factor regulatory circuits affects gene expression is essential to understanding network operation and output.Authors: David Levens, Ashutosh Gupta... [Perspective] Geophysics: Changing Views of the San Andreas Fault - A combination of high-resolution laser imaging with improved radiocarbon dating techniques is providing new ways to view earthquake behavior.Author: Katherine Scharer... [Perspective] Biochemistry: What Makes a Prion Infectious? - Nonproteinaceous cofactors may be essential to generate infectious prions.Author: Surachai Supattapone... [Perspective] Climate: Seawater Chemistry and Climate - Reconstructions of past seawater chemistry provide insights into the driving forces behind long-term climate change.Author: Harry Elderfield... [Perspective] Cell Biology: Turning Off Inflammation Signaling - A cytosolic protein controls interactions between key ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes, thereby regulating the expression of proinflammatory genes.Authors: Srividya Sriskantharajah, Steven C. Ley... [Essay] Spore: Science Prize for Online Resources in Education: On the Cutting Edge: Teaching Help for Geoscience Faculty - A place is described for faculty to share their teaching expertise and to remain current with advances in geoscience.Authors: Cathryn A. Manduca, David W. Mogk, Barbara Tewksbury, R. Heather Macdonald, Sean P. Fox, Ellen R. Iverson, Karin Kirk, John McDaris, Carol Ormand, Monica Bruckner... [Review] Mechanisms Underlying Lineage Commitment and Plasticity of Helper CD4+ T Cells - Authors: John J. O?Shea, William E. Paul... [Report] Gamma-Ray Emission from the Shell of Supernova Remnant W44 Revealed by the Fermi LAT - Satellite observations suggest that protons are accelerated in the shell of a supernova remnant.Authors: A. A. Abdo, M. Ackermann, M. Ajello, L. Baldini, J. Ballet, G. Barbiellini, M. G. Baring, D. Bastieri, B. M. Baughman, K. Bechtol, R. Bellazzini, B. Berenji, R. D. Blandford, E. D. Bloom, E. Bonamente, A. W. Borgland, J. Bregeon, A. Brez, M. Brigida, P. Bruel, T. H. Burnett, S. Buson, G. A. Caliandro, R. A. Cameron, P. A. Caraveo, J. M. Casand... [Report] Ferroelectric Control of Spin Polarization - Ferroelectric tunnel junctions control the spin polarization of electrons emitted from iron electrodes.Authors: V. Garcia, M. Bibes, L. Bocher, S. Valencia, F. Kronast, A. Crassous, X. Moya, S. Enouz-Vedrenne, A. Gloter, D. Imhoff, C. Deranlot, N. D. Mathur, S. Fusil, K. Bouzehouane, A. Barthélémy... [Report] Integrated Catalytic Conversion of ?-Valerolactone to Liquid Alkenes for Transportation Fuels - A biomass-derived compound is transformed into hydrocarbon fuels and a CO2 stream amenable to sequestration.Authors: Jesse Q. Bond, David Martin Alonso, Dong Wang, Ryan M. West, James A. Dumesic... [Report] Reconstructing Past Seawater Mg/Ca and Sr/Ca from Mid-Ocean Ridge Flank Calcium Carbonate Veins - Calcium carbonate veins from the ocean crust can be used to reconstruct past ocean cation ratios.Authors: Rosalind M. Coggon, Damon A. H. Teagle, Christopher E. Smith-Duque, Jeffrey C. Alt, Matthew J. Cooper... [Report] Climate-Modulated Channel Incision and Rupture History of the San Andreas Fault in the Carrizo Plain - The historical behavior of the San Andreas Fault may have been dominated by smaller, more frequent slip events.Authors: Lisa Grant Ludwig, Sinan O. Akçiz, Gabriela R. Noriega, Olaf Zielke, J Ramón Arrowsmith... [Report] Slip in the 1857 and Earlier Large Earthquakes Along the Carrizo Plain, San Andreas Fault - The historical behavior of the San Andreas Fault may have been dominated by smaller, more frequent slip events.Authors: Olaf Zielke, J Ramón Arrowsmith, Lisa Grant Ludwig, Sinan O. Akçiz... [Report] Plant Peptides Govern Terminal Differentiation of Bacteria in Symbiosis - Products encoded by the leguminous plant Medicago direct the differentiation of the bacterial partner in symbiosis.Authors: Willem Van de Velde, Grigor Zehirov, Agnes Szatmari, Monika Debreczeny, Hironobu Ishihara, Zoltan Kevei, Attila Farkas, Kata Mikulass, Andrea Nagy, Hilda Tiricz, Beatrice Satiat-Jeunemaître, Benoit Alunni, Mickael Bourge, Ken-ichi Kucho, Mikiko Abe, Attila Kereszt, Gergely Maroti, Toshiki Uchiumi, Eva Kondorosi, Peter Mergae... [Report] A Nodule-Specific Protein Secretory Pathway Required for Nitrogen-Fixing Symbiosis - Products encoded by the leguminous plant Medicago direct the differentiation of the bacterial partner in symbiosis.Authors: Dong Wang, Joel Griffitts, Colby Starker, Elena Fedorova, Erik Limpens, Sergey Ivanov, Ton Bisseling, Sharon Long... [Report] Individuals and the Variation Needed for High Species Diversity in Forest Trees - Within-species variation in response to environmental conditions may explain the coexistence of forest tree species.Author: James S. Clark... [Report] Generating a Prion with Bacterially Expressed Recombinant Prion Protein - Recombinant prion protein recapitulates the characteristics of the infectious agent in prion disease.Authors: Fei Wang, Xinhe Wang, Chong-Gang Yuan, Jiyan Ma... [Report] Inhibition of NF-?B Signaling by A20 Through Disruption of Ubiquitin Enzyme Complexes - The multifunctional A20 protein can act in diverse ways to limit receptor-induced inflammatory signaling.Authors: Noula Shembade, Averil Ma, Edward W. Harhaj... [Report] Photorhabdus luminescens Toxins ADP-Ribosylate Actin and RhoA to Force Actin Clustering - A bacterial toxin targets and modifies the actin cytoskeleton in insect larvae.Authors: Alexander E. Lang, Gudula Schmidt, Andreas Schlosser, Timothy D. Hey, Ignacio M. Larrinua, Joel J. Sheets, Hans G. Mannherz, Klaus Aktories... [Report] Noise Can Induce Bimodality in Positive Transcriptional Feedback Loops Without Bistability - Noise induced by multiple binding sites, rather than deterministic bistability, may cause bimodal gene expression in yeast.Authors: Tsz-Leung To, Narendra Maheshri... [Report] Cortical Plasticity Induced by Inhibitory Neuron Transplantation - Plasticity in the mouse brain?s visual cortex can be re-induced by neurons embedded by an earlier transplantation.Authors: Derek G. Southwell, Robert C. Froemke, Arturo Alvarez-Buylla, Michael P. Stryker, Sunil P. Gandhi... New Products - A weekly roundup of information on newly offered instrumentation, apparatus, and laboratory materials of potential interest to researchers.... [Podcast] Science Podcast - The show includes tracking circulating tumor cells, converting a biomass-derived compound into hydrocarbon fuel, your letters to Science, and more.... 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